apt_package resource¶

Use the apt_package resource to manage packages on Debian and Ubuntu platforms.

Note

In many cases, it is better to use the package resource instead of this one. This is because when the package resource is used in a recipe, Chef Infra Client will use details that are collected by Ohai at the start of a Chef Infra Client run to determine the correct package application. Using the package resource allows a recipe to be authored in a way that allows it to be used across many platforms.

Syntax¶

A apt_package resource block manages a package on a node, typically by installing it. The simplest use of the apt_package resource is:

apt_package 'package_name'

which will install the named package using all of the default options and the default action (:install).

The full syntax for all of the properties that are available to the apt_package resource is:

apt_package 'name' do
  default_release              String
  options                      String, Array
  overwrite_config_files       true, false # default value: false
  package_name                 String, Array
  response_file                String
  response_file_variables      Hash
  timeout                      String, Integer
  version                      String, Array
  action                       Symbol # defaults to :install if not specified
end

where:

apt_package is the resource.
name is the name given to the resource block.
action identifies which steps Chef Infra Client will take to bring the node into the desired state.
default_release, options, overwrite_config_files, package_name, response_file, response_file_variables, source, timeout, and version are the properties available to this resource.

Actions¶

The apt_package resource has the following actions:

:install: Default. Install a package. If a version is specified, install the specified version of the package.
:lock: Locks the apt package to a specific version.
:nothing: This resource block does not act unless notified by another resource to take action. Once notified, this resource block either runs immediately or is queued up to run at the end of a Chef Infra Client run.
:purge: Purge a package. This action typically removes the configuration files as well as the package.
:reconfig: Reconfigure a package. This action requires a response file.
:remove: Remove a package.
:unlock: Unlocks the apt package so that it can be upgraded to a newer version.
:upgrade: Install a package and/or ensure that a package is the latest version.
:nothing: This resource block does not act unless notified by another resource to take action. Once notified, this resource block either runs immediately or is queued up to run at the end of a Chef Infra Client run.

Properties¶

The apt_package resource has the following properties:

default_release

Ruby Type: String

The default release. For example: stable.

options

Ruby Type: String, Array

One (or more) additional options that are passed to the command. For example, common apt-get directives, such as --no-install-recommends. See the apt-get man page for the full list.

overwrite_config_files

Ruby Type: true, false | Default Value: false

Overwrite existing configuration files with those supplied by the package, if prompted by APT.

New in Chef Client 14.0.

package_name

Ruby Type: String, Array

An optional property to set the package name if it differs from the resource block’s name.

response_file

Ruby Type: String

The direct path to the file used to pre-seed a package.

response_file_variables

Ruby Type: Hash

A Hash of response file variables in the form of {‘VARIABLE’ => ‘VALUE’}.

timeout

Ruby Type: String, Integer

The amount of time (in seconds) to wait before timing out.

version

Ruby Type: String, Array

The version of a package to be installed or upgraded.

Common Resource Functionality¶

Chef resources include common properties, notifications, and resource guards.

Common Properties¶

The following properties are common to every resource:

ignore_failure

Ruby Type: true, false | Default Value: false

Continue running a recipe if a resource fails for any reason.

retries

Ruby Type: Integer | Default Value: 0

The number of attempts to catch exceptions and retry the resource.

retry_delay

Ruby Type: Integer | Default Value: 2

The retry delay (in seconds).

sensitive

Ruby Type: true, false | Default Value: false

Ensure that sensitive resource data is not logged by Chef Infra Client.

Notifications¶

notifies

Ruby Type: Symbol, ‘Chef::Resource[String]’

A resource may notify another resource to take action when its state changes. Specify a 'resource[name]', the :action that resource should take, and then the :timer for that action. A resource may notify more than one resource; use a notifies statement for each resource to be notified.

A timer specifies the point during a Chef Infra Client run at which a notification is run. The following timers are available:

:before: Specifies that the action on a notified resource should be run before processing the resource block in which the notification is located.
:delayed: Default. Specifies that a notification should be queued up, and then executed at the end of a Chef Infra Client run.
:immediate, :immediately: Specifies that a notification should be run immediately, per resource notified.

The syntax for notifies is:

notifies :action, 'resource[name]', :timer

subscribes: Ruby Type: Symbol, ‘Chef::Resource[String]’

A resource may listen to another resource, and then take action if the state of the resource being listened to changes. Specify a 'resource[name]', the :action to be taken, and then the :timer for that action.

Note that subscribes does not apply the specified action to the resource that it listens to - for example:

file '/etc/nginx/ssl/example.crt' do
  mode '0600'
  owner 'root'
end

service 'nginx' do
  subscribes :reload, 'file[/etc/nginx/ssl/example.crt]', :immediately
end

In this case the subscribes property reloads the nginx service whenever its certificate file, located under /etc/nginx/ssl/example.crt, is updated. subscribes does not make any changes to the certificate file itself, it merely listens for a change to the file, and executes the :reload action for its resource (in this example nginx) when a change is detected.

A timer specifies the point during a Chef Infra Client run at which a notification is run. The following timers are available:

:before: Specifies that the action on a notified resource should be run before processing the resource block in which the notification is located.
:delayed: Default. Specifies that a notification should be queued up, and then executed at the end of a Chef Infra Client run.
:immediate, :immediately: Specifies that a notification should be run immediately, per resource notified.

The syntax for subscribes is:

subscribes :action, 'resource[name]', :timer

Guards¶

A guard property can be used to evaluate the state of a node during the execution phase of a Chef Infra Client run. Based on the results of this evaluation, a guard property is then used to tell Chef Infra Client if it should continue executing a resource. A guard property accepts either a string value or a Ruby block value:

A string is executed as a shell command. If the command returns 0, the guard is applied. If the command returns any other value, then the guard property is not applied. String guards in a powershell_script run Windows PowerShell commands and may return true in addition to 0.
A block is executed as Ruby code that must return either true or false. If the block returns true, the guard property is applied. If the block returns false, the guard property is not applied.

A guard property is useful for ensuring that a resource is idempotent by allowing that resource to test for the desired state as it is being executed, and then if the desired state is present, for Chef Infra Client to do nothing.

Properties

The following properties can be used to define a guard that is evaluated during the execution phase of a Chef Infra Client run:

not_if: Prevent a resource from executing when the condition returns true.
only_if: Allow a resource to execute only if the condition returns true.

Multiple Packages¶

A resource may specify multiple packages and/or versions for platforms that use Yum, DNF, Apt, Zypper, or Chocolatey package managers. Specifying multiple packages and/or versions allows a single transaction to:

Download the specified packages and versions via a single HTTP transaction
Update or install multiple packages with a single resource during a Chef Infra Client run

For example, installing multiple packages:

package %w(package1 package2)

Installing multiple packages with versions:

package %w(package1 package2) do
  version [ '1.3.4-2', '4.3.6-1']
end

Upgrading multiple packages:

package %w(package1 package2)  do
  action :upgrade
end

Removing multiple packages:

package %w(package1 package2)  do
  action :remove
end

Purging multiple packages:

package %w(package1 package2)  do
  action :purge
end

Notifications, via an implicit name:

package %w(package1 package2)  do
  action :nothing
end

log 'call a notification' do
  notifies :install, 'package[package1, package2]', :immediately
end

Note

Notifications and subscriptions do not need to be updated when packages and versions are added or removed from the package_name or version properties.

Examples¶

The following examples demonstrate various approaches for using resources in recipes:

Install a package using package manager

apt_package 'name of package' do
  action :install
end

Install without using recommend packages as a dependency

package 'apache2' do
  options '--no-install-recommends'
end