class URI::Generic
Base class for all URI
classes. Implements generic URI
syntax as per RFC 2396.
Constants
- COMPONENT
An Array of the available components for
URI::Generic
.- DEFAULT_PORT
A Default port of nil for
URI::Generic
.
Attributes
Returns the fragment component of the URI
.
URI("http://foo/bar/baz?search=FooBar#ponies").fragment #=> "ponies"
Returns the host component of the URI
.
URI("http://foo/bar/baz").host #=> "foo"
It returns nil if no host component exists.
URI("mailto:foo@example.org").host #=> nil
The component does not contain the port number.
URI("http://foo:8080/bar/baz").host #=> "foo"
Since IPv6 addresses are wrapped with brackets in URIs, this method returns IPv6 addresses wrapped with brackets. This form is not appropriate to pass to socket methods such as TCPSocket.open. If unwrapped host names are required, use the hostname
method.
URI("http://[::1]/bar/baz").host #=> "[::1]" URI("http://[::1]/bar/baz").hostname #=> "::1"
Returns the opaque part of the URI
.
URI("mailto:foo@example.org").opaque #=> "foo@example.org" URI("http://foo/bar/baz").opaque #=> nil
The portion of the path that does not make use of the slash ‘/’. The path typically refers to an absolute path or an opaque part. (See RFC2396 Section 3 and 5.2.)
Returns the path component of the URI
.
URI("http://foo/bar/baz").path #=> "/bar/baz"
Returns the port component of the URI
.
URI("http://foo/bar/baz").port #=> 80 URI("http://foo:8080/bar/baz").port #=> 8080
Returns the query component of the URI
.
URI("http://foo/bar/baz?search=FooBar").query #=> "search=FooBar"
Returns the scheme component of the URI
.
URI("http://foo/bar/baz").scheme #=> "http"
Public Class Methods
Synopsis
See ::new
.
Description
Creates a new URI::Generic
instance from components of URI::Generic
with check. Components are: scheme, userinfo, host, port, registry, path, opaque, query, and fragment. You can provide arguments either by an Array or a Hash. See ::new
for hash keys to use or for order of array items.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 117 def self.build(args) if args.kind_of?(Array) && args.size == ::URI::Generic::COMPONENT.size tmp = args.dup elsif args.kind_of?(Hash) tmp = ::URI::Generic::COMPONENT.collect do |c| if args.include?(c) args[c] else nil end end else component = self.class.component rescue ::URI::Generic::COMPONENT raise ArgumentError, "expected Array of or Hash of components of #{self.class} (#{component.join(', ')})" end tmp << nil tmp << true return self.new(*tmp) end
Synopsis
See ::new
.
Description
At first, tries to create a new URI::Generic
instance using URI::Generic::build
. But, if exception URI::InvalidComponentError
is raised, then it does URI::Escape.escape
all URI
components and tries again.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 79 def self.build2(args) begin return self.build(args) rescue InvalidComponentError if args.kind_of?(Array) return self.build(args.collect{|x| if x.is_a?(String) DEFAULT_PARSER.escape(x) else x end }) elsif args.kind_of?(Hash) tmp = {} args.each do |key, value| tmp[key] = if value DEFAULT_PARSER.escape(value) else value end end return self.build(tmp) end end end
Components of the URI
in the order.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 58 def self.component self::COMPONENT end
Returns default port.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 33 def self.default_port self::DEFAULT_PORT end
Args
scheme
-
Protocol scheme, i.e. ‘http’,‘ftp’,‘mailto’ and so on.
userinfo
-
User name and password, i.e. ‘sdmitry:bla’.
host
-
Server host name.
port
-
Server port.
registry
-
Registry of naming authorities.
path
-
Path on server.
opaque
-
Opaque part.
query
-
Query data.
fragment
-
Part of the
URI
after ‘#’ character. parser
-
Parser
for internal use [URI::DEFAULT_PARSER by default]. arg_check
-
Check arguments [false by default].
Description
Creates a new URI::Generic
instance from “generic” components without check.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 170 def initialize(scheme, userinfo, host, port, registry, path, opaque, query, fragment, parser = DEFAULT_PARSER, arg_check = false) @scheme = nil @user = nil @password = nil @host = nil @port = nil @path = nil @query = nil @opaque = nil @fragment = nil @parser = parser == DEFAULT_PARSER ? nil : parser if arg_check self.scheme = scheme self.userinfo = userinfo self.hostname = host self.port = port self.path = path self.query = query self.opaque = opaque self.fragment = fragment else self.set_scheme(scheme) self.set_userinfo(userinfo) self.set_host(host) self.set_port(port) self.set_path(path) self.query = query self.set_opaque(opaque) self.fragment=(fragment) end if registry raise InvalidURIError, "the scheme #{@scheme} does not accept registry part: #{registry} (or bad hostname?)" end @scheme&.freeze self.set_path('') if !@path && !@opaque # (see RFC2396 Section 5.2) self.set_port(self.default_port) if self.default_port && !@port end
Public Instance Methods
Compares two URIs.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1374 def ==(oth) if self.class == oth.class self.normalize.component_ary == oth.normalize.component_ary else false end end
Returns true if URI
has a scheme (e.g. http:// or https://) specified.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 963 def absolute? if @scheme true else false end end
Args
v
-
URI
or String
Description
Attempts to parse other URI
oth
, returns [parsed_oth, self].
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com") uri.coerce("http://foo.com") #=> [#<URI::HTTP http://foo.com>, #<URI::HTTP http://my.example.com>]
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1464 def coerce(oth) case oth when String oth = parser.parse(oth) else super end return oth, self end
Components of the URI
in the order.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 314 def component self.class.component end
Returns default port.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 40 def default_port self.class.default_port end
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1386 def eql?(oth) self.class == oth.class && parser == oth.parser && self.component_ary.eql?(oth.component_ary) end
Returns a proxy URI
. The proxy URI
is obtained from environment variables such as http_proxy, ftp_proxy, no_proxy, etc. If there is no proper proxy, nil is returned.
If the optional parameter env
is specified, it is used instead of ENV.
Note that capitalized variables (HTTP_PROXY, FTP_PROXY, NO_PROXY, etc.) are examined, too.
But http_proxy and HTTP_PROXY is treated specially under CGI environment. It’s because HTTP_PROXY may be set by Proxy: header. So HTTP_PROXY is not used. http_proxy is not used too if the variable is case insensitive. CGI_HTTP_PROXY can be used instead.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1490 def find_proxy(env=ENV) raise BadURIError, "relative URI: #{self}" if self.relative? name = self.scheme.downcase + '_proxy' proxy_uri = nil if name == 'http_proxy' && env.include?('REQUEST_METHOD') # CGI? # HTTP_PROXY conflicts with *_proxy for proxy settings and # HTTP_* for header information in CGI. # So it should be careful to use it. pairs = env.reject {|k, v| /\Ahttp_proxy\z/i !~ k } case pairs.length when 0 # no proxy setting anyway. proxy_uri = nil when 1 k, _ = pairs.shift if k == 'http_proxy' && env[k.upcase] == nil # http_proxy is safe to use because ENV is case sensitive. proxy_uri = env[name] else proxy_uri = nil end else # http_proxy is safe to use because ENV is case sensitive. proxy_uri = env.to_hash[name] end if !proxy_uri # Use CGI_HTTP_PROXY. cf. libwww-perl. proxy_uri = env["CGI_#{name.upcase}"] end elsif name == 'http_proxy' unless proxy_uri = env[name] if proxy_uri = env[name.upcase] warn 'The environment variable HTTP_PROXY is discouraged. Use http_proxy.', uplevel: 1 end end else proxy_uri = env[name] || env[name.upcase] end if proxy_uri.nil? || proxy_uri.empty? return nil end if self.hostname begin addr = IPSocket.getaddress(self.hostname) return nil if /\A127\.|\A::1\z/ =~ addr rescue SocketError end end name = 'no_proxy' if no_proxy = env[name] || env[name.upcase] return nil unless URI::Generic.use_proxy?(self.hostname, addr, self.port, no_proxy) end URI.parse(proxy_uri) end
Checks the fragment v
component against the URI::Parser
Regexp for :FRAGMENT.
Args
v
-
String
Description
Public setter for the fragment component v
(with validation).
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com/?id=25#time=1305212049") uri.fragment = "time=1305212086" uri.to_s #=> "http://my.example.com/?id=25#time=1305212086"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 920 def fragment=(v) return @fragment = nil unless v x = v.to_str v = x.dup if x.equal? v v.encode!(Encoding::UTF_8) rescue nil v.delete!("\t\r\n") v.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT) v.gsub!(/(?!%\h\h|[!-~])./n){'%%%02X' % $&.ord} v.force_encoding(Encoding::US_ASCII) @fragment = v end
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1382 def hash self.component_ary.hash end
Returns true if URI
is hierarchical.
Description
URI
has components listed in order of decreasing significance from left to right, see RFC3986 tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986 1.2.3.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com/") uri.hierarchical? #=> true uri = URI.parse("mailto:joe@example.com") uri.hierarchical? #=> false
# File uri/generic.rb, line 952 def hierarchical? if @path true else false end end
Args
v
-
String
Description
Public setter for the host component v
(with validation).
See also URI::Generic.check_host.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com") uri.host = "foo.com" uri.to_s #=> "http://foo.com"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 630 def host=(v) check_host(v) set_host(v) v end
Extract the host part of the URI
and unwrap brackets for IPv6 addresses.
This method is the same as URI::Generic#host
except brackets for IPv6 (and future IP) addresses are removed.
uri = URI("http://[::1]/bar") uri.hostname #=> "::1" uri.host #=> "[::1]"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 645 def hostname v = self.host /\A\[(.*)\]\z/ =~ v ? $1 : v end
Sets the host part of the URI
as the argument with brackets for IPv6 addresses.
This method is the same as URI::Generic#host=
except the argument can be a bare IPv6 address.
uri = URI("http://foo/bar") uri.hostname = "::1" uri.to_s #=> "http://[::1]/bar"
If the argument seems to be an IPv6 address, it is wrapped with brackets.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 662 def hostname=(v) v = "[#{v}]" if /\A\[.*\]\z/ !~ v && /:/ =~ v self.host = v end
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1441 def inspect "#<#{self.class} #{self}>" end
Args
oth
-
URI
or String
Description
Merges two URIs.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com") uri.merge("/main.rbx?page=1") # => "http://my.example.com/main.rbx?page=1"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1100 def merge(oth) rel = parser.send(:convert_to_uri, oth) if rel.absolute? #raise BadURIError, "both URI are absolute" if absolute? # hmm... should return oth for usability? return rel end unless self.absolute? raise BadURIError, "both URI are relative" end base = self.dup authority = rel.userinfo || rel.host || rel.port # RFC2396, Section 5.2, 2) if (rel.path.nil? || rel.path.empty?) && !authority && !rel.query base.fragment=(rel.fragment) if rel.fragment return base end base.query = nil base.fragment=(nil) # RFC2396, Section 5.2, 4) if !authority base.set_path(merge_path(base.path, rel.path)) if base.path && rel.path else # RFC2396, Section 5.2, 4) base.set_path(rel.path) if rel.path end # RFC2396, Section 5.2, 7) base.set_userinfo(rel.userinfo) if rel.userinfo base.set_host(rel.host) if rel.host base.set_port(rel.port) if rel.port base.query = rel.query if rel.query base.fragment=(rel.fragment) if rel.fragment return base end
Args
oth
-
URI
or String
Description
Destructive form of merge
.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com") uri.merge!("/main.rbx?page=1") uri.to_s # => "http://my.example.com/main.rbx?page=1"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1072 def merge!(oth) t = merge(oth) if self == t nil else replace!(t) self end end
Returns normalized URI
.
require 'uri' URI("HTTP://my.EXAMPLE.com").normalize #=> #<URI::HTTP http://my.example.com/>
Normalization here means:
-
scheme and host are converted to lowercase,
-
an empty path component is set to “/”.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1310 def normalize uri = dup uri.normalize! uri end
Destructive version of normalize
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1319 def normalize! if path&.empty? set_path('/') end if scheme && scheme != scheme.downcase set_scheme(self.scheme.downcase) end if host && host != host.downcase set_host(self.host.downcase) end end
Returns the parser to be used.
Unless a URI::Parser
is defined, DEFAULT_PARSER is used.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 290 def parser if !defined?(@parser) || !@parser DEFAULT_PARSER else @parser || DEFAULT_PARSER end end
Returns the password component.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 574 def password @password end
Args
v
-
String
Description
Public setter for the password
component (with validation).
See also URI::Generic.check_password.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://john:S3nsit1ve@my.example.com") uri.password = "V3ry_S3nsit1ve" uri.to_s #=> "http://john:V3ry_S3nsit1ve@my.example.com"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 499 def password=(password) check_password(password) set_password(password) # returns password end
Args
v
-
String
Description
Public setter for the path component v
(with validation).
See also URI::Generic.check_path.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com/pub/files") uri.path = "/faq/" uri.to_s #=> "http://my.example.com/faq/"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 806 def path=(v) check_path(v) set_path(v) v end
Args
v
-
String
Description
Public setter for the port component v
(with validation).
See also URI::Generic.check_port.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com") uri.port = 8080 uri.to_s #=> "http://my.example.com:8080"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 720 def port=(v) check_port(v) set_port(v) port end
Args
v
-
String
Description
Public setter for the query component v
.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com/?id=25") uri.query = "id=1" uri.to_s #=> "http://my.example.com/?id=1"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 830 def query=(v) return @query = nil unless v raise InvalidURIError, "query conflicts with opaque" if @opaque x = v.to_str v = x.dup if x.equal? v v.encode!(Encoding::UTF_8) rescue nil v.delete!("\t\r\n") v.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT) raise InvalidURIError, "invalid percent escape: #{$1}" if /(%\H\H)/n.match(v) v.gsub!(/(?!%\h\h|[!$-&(-;=?-_a-~])./n.freeze){'%%%02X' % $&.ord} v.force_encoding(Encoding::US_ASCII) @query = v end
# File uri/generic.rb, line 736 def registry=(v) raise InvalidURIError, "can not set registry" end
Returns true if URI
does not have a scheme (e.g. http:// or https://) specified.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 975 def relative? !absolute? end
Args
oth
-
URI
or String
Description
Calculates relative path from oth to self.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse('http://my.example.com/main.rbx?page=1') uri.route_from('http://my.example.com') #=> #<URI::Generic /main.rbx?page=1>
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1253 def route_from(oth) # you can modify `rel', but can not `oth'. begin oth, rel = route_from0(oth) rescue raise $!.class, $!.message end if oth == rel return rel end rel.set_path(route_from_path(oth.path, self.path)) if rel.path == './' && self.query # "./?foo" -> "?foo" rel.set_path('') end return rel end
Args
oth
-
URI
or String
Description
Calculates relative path to oth from self.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse('http://my.example.com') uri.route_to('http://my.example.com/main.rbx?page=1') #=> #<URI::Generic /main.rbx?page=1>
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1293 def route_to(oth) parser.send(:convert_to_uri, oth).route_from(self) end
Args
v
-
String
Description
Public setter for the scheme component v
(with validation).
See also URI::Generic.check_scheme.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://my.example.com") uri.scheme = "https" uri.to_s #=> "https://my.example.com"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 361 def scheme=(v) check_scheme(v) set_scheme(v) v end
Args
components
-
Multiple Symbol arguments defined in
URI::HTTP
.
Description
Selects specified components from URI
.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse('http://myuser:mypass@my.example.com/test.rbx') uri.select(:userinfo, :host, :path) # => ["myuser:mypass", "my.example.com", "/test.rbx"]
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1430 def select(*components) components.collect do |c| if component.include?(c) self.send(c) else raise ArgumentError, "expected of components of #{self.class} (#{self.class.component.join(', ')})" end end end
Constructs String from URI
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1334 def to_s str = ''.dup if @scheme str << @scheme str << ':' end if @opaque str << @opaque else if @host || %w[file postgres].include?(@scheme) str << '//' end if self.userinfo str << self.userinfo str << '@' end if @host str << @host end if @port && @port != self.default_port str << ':' str << @port.to_s end str << @path if @query str << '?' str << @query end end if @fragment str << '#' str << @fragment end str end
Returns the user component.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 569 def user @user end
Args
v
-
String
Description
Public setter for the user
component (with validation).
See also URI::Generic.check_user.
Usage
require 'uri' uri = URI.parse("http://john:S3nsit1ve@my.example.com") uri.user = "sam" uri.to_s #=> "http://sam:V3ry_S3nsit1ve@my.example.com"
# File uri/generic.rb, line 472 def user=(user) check_user(user) set_user(user) # returns user end
Returns the userinfo, either as ‘user’ or ‘user:password’.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 558 def userinfo if @user.nil? nil elsif @password.nil? @user else @user + ':' + @password end end
Sets userinfo, argument is string like ‘name:pass’.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 442 def userinfo=(userinfo) if userinfo.nil? return nil end check_userinfo(*userinfo) set_userinfo(*userinfo) # returns userinfo end
Protected Instance Methods
Returns an Array of the components defined from the COMPONENT
Array.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 1406 def component_ary component.collect do |x| self.send(x) end end
Protected setter for the host component v
.
See also URI::Generic.host=
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 604 def set_host(v) @host = v end
Protected setter for the opaque component v
.
See also URI::Generic.opaque=
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 874 def set_opaque(v) @opaque = v end
Protected setter for the password component v
.
See also URI::Generic.password=
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 535 def set_password(v) @password = v # returns v end
Protected setter for the path component v
.
See also URI::Generic.path=
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 780 def set_path(v) @path = v end
Protected setter for the port component v
.
See also URI::Generic.port=
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 693 def set_port(v) v = v.empty? ? nil : v.to_i unless !v || v.kind_of?(Integer) @port = v end
Protected setter for the scheme component v
.
See also URI::Generic.scheme=
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 335 def set_scheme(v) @scheme = v&.downcase end
Protected setter for the user component v
.
See also URI::Generic.user=
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 525 def set_user(v) set_userinfo(v, @password) v end
Protected setter for the user
component, and password
if available (with validation).
See also URI::Generic.userinfo=
.
# File uri/generic.rb, line 510 def set_userinfo(user, password = nil) unless password user, password = split_userinfo(user) end @user = user @password = password if password [@user, @password] end