RouteCompiler.php

<?php


/*
 * This file is part of the Symfony package.
 *
 * (c) Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
 *
 * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
 * file that was distributed with this source code.
 */
namespace Symfony\Component\Routing;


/**
 * RouteCompiler compiles Route instances to CompiledRoute instances.
 *
 * @author Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
 * @author Tobias Schultze <http://tobion.de>
 */
class RouteCompiler implements RouteCompilerInterface {
    
    /**
     * This string defines the characters that are automatically considered separators in front of
     * optional placeholders (with default and no static text following). Such a single separator
     * can be left out together with the optional placeholder from matching and generating URLs.
     */
    public const SEPARATORS = '/,;.:-_~+*=@|';
    
    /**
     * The maximum supported length of a PCRE subpattern name
     * http://pcre.org/current/doc/html/pcre2pattern.html#SEC16.
     *
     * @internal
     */
    public const VARIABLE_MAXIMUM_LENGTH = 32;
    
    /**
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException if a path variable is named _fragment
     * @throws \LogicException           if a variable is referenced more than once
     * @throws \DomainException          if a variable name starts with a digit or if it is too long to be successfully used as
     *                                   a PCRE subpattern
     */
    public static function compile(Route $route) : CompiledRoute {
        $hostVariables = [];
        $variables = [];
        $hostRegex = null;
        $hostTokens = [];
        if ('' !== ($host = $route->getHost())) {
            $result = self::compilePattern($route, $host, true);
            $hostVariables = $result['variables'];
            $variables = $hostVariables;
            $hostTokens = $result['tokens'];
            $hostRegex = $result['regex'];
        }
        $locale = $route->getDefault('_locale');
        if (null !== $locale && null !== $route->getDefault('_canonical_route') && preg_quote($locale) === $route->getRequirement('_locale')) {
            $requirements = $route->getRequirements();
            unset($requirements['_locale']);
            $route->setRequirements($requirements);
            $route->setPath(str_replace('{_locale}', $locale, $route->getPath()));
        }
        $path = $route->getPath();
        $result = self::compilePattern($route, $path, false);
        $staticPrefix = $result['staticPrefix'];
        $pathVariables = $result['variables'];
        foreach ($pathVariables as $pathParam) {
            if ('_fragment' === $pathParam) {
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException(\sprintf('Route pattern "%s" cannot contain "_fragment" as a path parameter.', $route->getPath()));
            }
        }
        $variables = array_merge($variables, $pathVariables);
        $tokens = $result['tokens'];
        $regex = $result['regex'];
        return new CompiledRoute($staticPrefix, $regex, $tokens, $pathVariables, $hostRegex, $hostTokens, $hostVariables, array_unique($variables));
    }
    private static function compilePattern(Route $route, string $pattern, bool $isHost) : array {
        $tokens = [];
        $variables = [];
        $matches = [];
        $pos = 0;
        $defaultSeparator = $isHost ? '.' : '/';
        $useUtf8 = preg_match('//u', $pattern);
        $needsUtf8 = $route->getOption('utf8');
        if (!$needsUtf8 && $useUtf8 && preg_match('/[\\x80-\\xFF]/', $pattern)) {
            throw new \LogicException(\sprintf('Cannot use UTF-8 route patterns without setting the "utf8" option for route "%s".', $route->getPath()));
        }
        if (!$useUtf8 && $needsUtf8) {
            throw new \LogicException(\sprintf('Cannot mix UTF-8 requirements with non-UTF-8 pattern "%s".', $pattern));
        }
        // Match all variables enclosed in "{}" and iterate over them. But we only want to match the innermost variable
        // in case of nested "{}", e.g. {foo{bar}}. This in ensured because \w does not match "{" or "}" itself.
        preg_match_all('#\\{(!)?([\\w\\x80-\\xFF]+)\\}#', $pattern, $matches, \PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE | \PREG_SET_ORDER);
        foreach ($matches as $match) {
            $important = $match[1][1] >= 0;
            $varName = $match[2][0];
            // get all static text preceding the current variable
            $precedingText = substr($pattern, $pos, $match[0][1] - $pos);
            $pos = $match[0][1] + \strlen($match[0][0]);
            if (!\strlen($precedingText)) {
                $precedingChar = '';
            }
            elseif ($useUtf8) {
                preg_match('/.$/u', $precedingText, $precedingChar);
                $precedingChar = $precedingChar[0];
            }
            else {
                $precedingChar = substr($precedingText, -1);
            }
            $isSeparator = '' !== $precedingChar && str_contains(static::SEPARATORS, $precedingChar);
            // A PCRE subpattern name must start with a non-digit. Also a PHP variable cannot start with a digit so the
            // variable would not be usable as a Controller action argument.
            if (preg_match('/^\\d/', $varName)) {
                throw new \DomainException(\sprintf('Variable name "%s" cannot start with a digit in route pattern "%s". Please use a different name.', $varName, $pattern));
            }
            if (\in_array($varName, $variables)) {
                throw new \LogicException(\sprintf('Route pattern "%s" cannot reference variable name "%s" more than once.', $pattern, $varName));
            }
            if (\strlen($varName) > self::VARIABLE_MAXIMUM_LENGTH) {
                throw new \DomainException(\sprintf('Variable name "%s" cannot be longer than %d characters in route pattern "%s". Please use a shorter name.', $varName, self::VARIABLE_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, $pattern));
            }
            if ($isSeparator && $precedingText !== $precedingChar) {
                $tokens[] = [
                    'text',
                    substr($precedingText, 0, -\strlen($precedingChar)),
                ];
            }
            elseif (!$isSeparator && '' !== $precedingText) {
                $tokens[] = [
                    'text',
                    $precedingText,
                ];
            }
            $regexp = $route->getRequirement($varName);
            if (null === $regexp) {
                $followingPattern = substr($pattern, $pos);
                // Find the next static character after the variable that functions as a separator. By default, this separator and '/'
                // are disallowed for the variable. This default requirement makes sure that optional variables can be matched at all
                // and that the generating-matching-combination of URLs unambiguous, i.e. the params used for generating the URL are
                // the same that will be matched. Example: new Route('/{page}.{_format}', ['_format' => 'html'])
                // If {page} would also match the separating dot, {_format} would never match as {page} will eagerly consume everything.
                // Also even if {_format} was not optional the requirement prevents that {page} matches something that was originally
                // part of {_format} when generating the URL, e.g. _format = 'mobile.html'.
                $nextSeparator = self::findNextSeparator($followingPattern, $useUtf8);
                $regexp = \sprintf('[^%s%s]+', preg_quote($defaultSeparator), $defaultSeparator !== $nextSeparator && '' !== $nextSeparator ? preg_quote($nextSeparator) : '');
                if ('' !== $nextSeparator && !preg_match('#^\\{[\\w\\x80-\\xFF]+\\}#', $followingPattern) || '' === $followingPattern) {
                    // When we have a separator, which is disallowed for the variable, we can optimize the regex with a possessive
                    // quantifier. This prevents useless backtracking of PCRE and improves performance by 20% for matching those patterns.
                    // Given the above example, there is no point in backtracking into {page} (that forbids the dot) when a dot must follow
                    // after it. This optimization cannot be applied when the next char is no real separator or when the next variable is
                    // directly adjacent, e.g. '/{x}{y}'.
                    $regexp .= '+';
                }
            }
            else {
                if (!preg_match('//u', $regexp)) {
                    $useUtf8 = false;
                }
                elseif (!$needsUtf8 && preg_match('/[\\x80-\\xFF]|(?<!\\\\)\\\\(?:\\\\\\\\)*+(?-i:X|[pP][\\{CLMNPSZ]|x\\{[A-Fa-f0-9]{3})/', $regexp)) {
                    throw new \LogicException(\sprintf('Cannot use UTF-8 route requirements without setting the "utf8" option for variable "%s" in pattern "%s".', $varName, $pattern));
                }
                if (!$useUtf8 && $needsUtf8) {
                    throw new \LogicException(\sprintf('Cannot mix UTF-8 requirement with non-UTF-8 charset for variable "%s" in pattern "%s".', $varName, $pattern));
                }
                $regexp = self::transformCapturingGroupsToNonCapturings($regexp);
            }
            if ($important) {
                $token = [
                    'variable',
                    $isSeparator ? $precedingChar : '',
                    $regexp,
                    $varName,
                    false,
                    true,
                ];
            }
            else {
                $token = [
                    'variable',
                    $isSeparator ? $precedingChar : '',
                    $regexp,
                    $varName,
                ];
            }
            $tokens[] = $token;
            $variables[] = $varName;
        }
        if ($pos < \strlen($pattern)) {
            $tokens[] = [
                'text',
                substr($pattern, $pos),
            ];
        }
        // find the first optional token
        $firstOptional = \PHP_INT_MAX;
        if (!$isHost) {
            for ($i = \count($tokens) - 1; $i >= 0; --$i) {
                $token = $tokens[$i];
                // variable is optional when it is not important and has a default value
                if ('variable' === $token[0] && !($token[5] ?? false) && $route->hasDefault($token[3])) {
                    $firstOptional = $i;
                }
                else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        // compute the matching regexp
        $regexp = '';
        for ($i = 0, $nbToken = \count($tokens); $i < $nbToken; ++$i) {
            $regexp .= self::computeRegexp($tokens, $i, $firstOptional);
        }
        $regexp = '{^' . $regexp . '$}sD' . ($isHost ? 'i' : '');
        // enable Utf8 matching if really required
        if ($needsUtf8) {
            $regexp .= 'u';
            for ($i = 0, $nbToken = \count($tokens); $i < $nbToken; ++$i) {
                if ('variable' === $tokens[$i][0]) {
                    $tokens[$i][4] = true;
                }
            }
        }
        return [
            'staticPrefix' => self::determineStaticPrefix($route, $tokens),
            'regex' => $regexp,
            'tokens' => array_reverse($tokens),
            'variables' => $variables,
        ];
    }
    
    /**
     * Determines the longest static prefix possible for a route.
     */
    private static function determineStaticPrefix(Route $route, array $tokens) : string {
        if ('text' !== $tokens[0][0]) {
            return $route->hasDefault($tokens[0][3]) || '/' === $tokens[0][1] ? '' : $tokens[0][1];
        }
        $prefix = $tokens[0][1];
        if (isset($tokens[1][1]) && '/' !== $tokens[1][1] && false === $route->hasDefault($tokens[1][3])) {
            $prefix .= $tokens[1][1];
        }
        return $prefix;
    }
    
    /**
     * Returns the next static character in the Route pattern that will serve as a separator (or the empty string when none available).
     */
    private static function findNextSeparator(string $pattern, bool $useUtf8) : string {
        if ('' == $pattern) {
            // return empty string if pattern is empty or false (false which can be returned by substr)
            return '';
        }
        // first remove all placeholders from the pattern so we can find the next real static character
        if ('' === ($pattern = preg_replace('#\\{[\\w\\x80-\\xFF]+\\}#', '', $pattern))) {
            return '';
        }
        if ($useUtf8) {
            preg_match('/^./u', $pattern, $pattern);
        }
        return str_contains(static::SEPARATORS, $pattern[0]) ? $pattern[0] : '';
    }
    
    /**
     * Computes the regexp used to match a specific token. It can be static text or a subpattern.
     *
     * @param array $tokens        The route tokens
     * @param int   $index         The index of the current token
     * @param int   $firstOptional The index of the first optional token
     */
    private static function computeRegexp(array $tokens, int $index, int $firstOptional) : string {
        $token = $tokens[$index];
        if ('text' === $token[0]) {
            // Text tokens
            return preg_quote($token[1]);
        }
        // Variable tokens
        if (0 === $index && 0 === $firstOptional) {
            // When the only token is an optional variable token, the separator is required
            return \sprintf('%s(?P<%s>%s)?', preg_quote($token[1]), $token[3], $token[2]);
        }
        $regexp = \sprintf('%s(?P<%s>%s)', preg_quote($token[1]), $token[3], $token[2]);
        if ($index >= $firstOptional) {
            // Enclose each optional token in a subpattern to make it optional.
            // "?:" means it is non-capturing, i.e. the portion of the subject string that
            // matched the optional subpattern is not passed back.
            $regexp = "(?:{$regexp}";
            $nbTokens = \count($tokens);
            if ($nbTokens - 1 == $index) {
                // Close the optional subpatterns
                $regexp .= str_repeat(')?', $nbTokens - $firstOptional - (0 === $firstOptional ? 1 : 0));
            }
        }
        return $regexp;
    }
    private static function transformCapturingGroupsToNonCapturings(string $regexp) : string {
        for ($i = 0; $i < \strlen($regexp); ++$i) {
            if ('\\' === $regexp[$i]) {
                ++$i;
                continue;
            }
            if ('(' !== $regexp[$i] || !isset($regexp[$i + 2])) {
                continue;
            }
            if ('*' === $regexp[++$i] || '?' === $regexp[$i]) {
                ++$i;
                continue;
            }
            $regexp = substr_replace($regexp, '?:', $i, 0);
            ++$i;
        }
        return $regexp;
    }

}