{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "\n# Anatomy of a figure\n\nThis figure shows the name of several matplotlib elements composing a figure\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\nimport numpy as np\n\nfrom matplotlib.patches import Circle\nfrom matplotlib.patheffects import withStroke\nfrom matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, MultipleLocator\n\nroyal_blue = [0, 20/256, 82/256]\n\n\n# make the figure\n\nnp.random.seed(19680801)\n\nX = np.linspace(0.5, 3.5, 100)\nY1 = 3+np.cos(X)\nY2 = 1+np.cos(1+X/0.75)/2\nY3 = np.random.uniform(Y1, Y2, len(X))\n\nfig = plt.figure(figsize=(7.5, 7.5))\nax = fig.add_axes([0.2, 0.17, 0.68, 0.7], aspect=1)\n\nax.xaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(1.000))\nax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(4))\nax.yaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(1.000))\nax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(4))\nax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(\"{x:.2f}\")\n\nax.set_xlim(0, 4)\nax.set_ylim(0, 4)\n\nax.tick_params(which='major', width=1.0, length=10, labelsize=14)\nax.tick_params(which='minor', width=1.0, length=5, labelsize=10,\n labelcolor='0.25')\n\nax.grid(linestyle=\"--\", linewidth=0.5, color='.25', zorder=-10)\n\nax.plot(X, Y1, c='C0', lw=2.5, label=\"Blue signal\", zorder=10)\nax.plot(X, Y2, c='C1', lw=2.5, label=\"Orange signal\")\nax.plot(X[::3], Y3[::3], linewidth=0, markersize=9,\n marker='s', markerfacecolor='none', markeredgecolor='C4',\n markeredgewidth=2.5)\n\nax.set_title(\"Anatomy of a figure\", fontsize=20, verticalalignment='bottom')\nax.set_xlabel(\"x Axis label\", fontsize=14)\nax.set_ylabel(\"y Axis label\", fontsize=14)\nax.legend(loc=\"upper right\", fontsize=14)\n\n\n# Annotate the figure\n\ndef annotate(x, y, text, code):\n # Circle marker\n c = Circle((x, y), radius=0.15, clip_on=False, zorder=10, linewidth=2.5,\n edgecolor=royal_blue + [0.6], facecolor='none',\n path_effects=[withStroke(linewidth=7, foreground='white')])\n ax.add_artist(c)\n\n # use path_effects as a background for the texts\n # draw the path_effects and the colored text separately so that the\n # path_effects cannot clip other texts\n for path_effects in [[withStroke(linewidth=7, foreground='white')], []]:\n color = 'white' if path_effects else royal_blue\n ax.text(x, y-0.2, text, zorder=100,\n ha='center', va='top', weight='bold', color=color,\n style='italic', fontfamily='monospace',\n path_effects=path_effects)\n\n color = 'white' if path_effects else 'black'\n ax.text(x, y-0.33, code, zorder=100,\n ha='center', va='top', weight='normal', color=color,\n fontfamily='monospace', fontsize='medium',\n path_effects=path_effects)\n\n\nannotate(3.5, -0.13, \"Minor tick label\", \"ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter\")\nannotate(-0.03, 1.0, \"Major tick\", \"ax.yaxis.set_major_locator\")\nannotate(0.00, 3.75, \"Minor tick\", \"ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator\")\nannotate(-0.15, 3.00, \"Major tick label\", \"ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter\")\nannotate(1.68, -0.39, \"xlabel\", \"ax.set_xlabel\")\nannotate(-0.38, 1.67, \"ylabel\", \"ax.set_ylabel\")\nannotate(1.52, 4.15, \"Title\", \"ax.set_title\")\nannotate(1.75, 2.80, \"Line\", \"ax.plot\")\nannotate(2.25, 1.54, \"Markers\", \"ax.scatter\")\nannotate(3.00, 3.00, \"Grid\", \"ax.grid\")\nannotate(3.60, 3.58, \"Legend\", \"ax.legend\")\nannotate(2.5, 0.55, \"Axes\", \"fig.subplots\")\nannotate(4, 4.5, \"Figure\", \"plt.figure\")\nannotate(0.65, 0.01, \"x Axis\", \"ax.xaxis\")\nannotate(0, 0.36, \"y Axis\", \"ax.yaxis\")\nannotate(4.0, 0.7, \"Spine\", \"ax.spines\")\n\n# frame around figure\nfig.patch.set(linewidth=4, edgecolor='0.5')\nplt.show()" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ ".. admonition:: References\n\n The use of the following functions, methods, classes and modules is shown\n in this example:\n\n - `matplotlib.pyplot.figure`\n - `matplotlib.axes.Axes.text`\n - `matplotlib.axis.Axis.set_minor_formatter`\n - `matplotlib.axis.Axis.set_major_locator`\n - `matplotlib.axis.Axis.set_minor_locator`\n - `matplotlib.patches.Circle`\n - `matplotlib.patheffects.withStroke`\n - `matplotlib.ticker.FuncFormatter`\n\n" ] } ], "metadata": { "kernelspec": { "display_name": "Python 3", "language": "python", "name": "python3" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 3 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "version": "3.13.2" } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 0 }