{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "\n# Spectrum representations\n\nThe plots show different spectrum representations of a sine signal with\nadditive noise. A (frequency) spectrum of a discrete-time signal is calculated\nby utilizing the fast Fourier transform (FFT).\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\nimport numpy as np\n\nnp.random.seed(0)\n\ndt = 0.01 # sampling interval\nFs = 1 / dt # sampling frequency\nt = np.arange(0, 10, dt)\n\n# generate noise:\nnse = np.random.randn(len(t))\nr = np.exp(-t / 0.05)\ncnse = np.convolve(nse, r) * dt\ncnse = cnse[:len(t)]\n\ns = 0.1 * np.sin(4 * np.pi * t) + cnse # the signal\n\nfig = plt.figure(figsize=(7, 7), layout='constrained')\naxs = fig.subplot_mosaic([[\"signal\", \"signal\"],\n [\"magnitude\", \"log_magnitude\"],\n [\"phase\", \"angle\"]])\n\n# plot time signal:\naxs[\"signal\"].set_title(\"Signal\")\naxs[\"signal\"].plot(t, s, color='C0')\naxs[\"signal\"].set_xlabel(\"Time (s)\")\naxs[\"signal\"].set_ylabel(\"Amplitude\")\n\n# plot different spectrum types:\naxs[\"magnitude\"].set_title(\"Magnitude Spectrum\")\naxs[\"magnitude\"].magnitude_spectrum(s, Fs=Fs, color='C1')\n\naxs[\"log_magnitude\"].set_title(\"Log. Magnitude Spectrum\")\naxs[\"log_magnitude\"].magnitude_spectrum(s, Fs=Fs, scale='dB', color='C1')\n\naxs[\"phase\"].set_title(\"Phase Spectrum \")\naxs[\"phase\"].phase_spectrum(s, Fs=Fs, color='C2')\n\naxs[\"angle\"].set_title(\"Angle Spectrum\")\naxs[\"angle\"].angle_spectrum(s, Fs=Fs, color='C2')\n\nplt.show()" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ ".. tags::\n\n domain: signal-processing\n plot-type: line\n level: beginner\n\n" ] } ], "metadata": { "kernelspec": { "display_name": "Python 3", "language": "python", "name": "python3" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 3 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "version": "3.13.2" } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 0 }