Swagger is a project specification that is used to describe and document RESTful APIs. In Adobe ColdFusion (2016 release), you can create swagger doc automatically from REST CFC after it is implemented and registered in server. The Swagger version that is supported in ColdFusion is 1.2.
For more information on Swagger project overview, refer to Swagger documentation. Swagger specification 1.2 is available here.
The Swagger doc generation feature is a part of ColdFusion Server. ColdFusion server generates the Swagger doc automatically once you register REST CFC application.
You can create REST CFC application file of your choice and place this file in the root folder (wwwroot) of ColdFusion server. A sample CFC file content structure is shown in the following studentservice.cfc file.
<cfcomponent rest="true" restpath="studentService">
<cffunction name="addStudent" access="remote" returntype="void" httpmethod="PUT" description="add student">
<cfargument name="name" type="string" required="yes" restargsource="Form"/>
<cfargument name="age" type="numeric" required="yes" restargsource="Form"/>
<!--- Adding the student to data base. --->
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="addStudents" access="remote" returntype="void" httpmethod="POST" description="add students">
<cfargument name="name" type="student[]" required="yes" restargsource="body"/>
<!--- Adding the student to data base. --->
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="deleteStudent1" access="remote" returntype="void" httpmethod="DELETE" description="delete students">
<cfargument name="students" type="student[]" required="yes" restargsource="Body"/>
<!--- Adding the student to data base. --->
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="updateStudentAddress" access="remote" returntype="address" httpmethod="POST" restpath="{studentId}" description="modify student address" hint="modify the address for given studentId">
<cfargument name="studentId" type="numeric" required="yes" restargsource="PATH" />
<cfargument name="address" type="address" required="yes" restargsource="Body" >
<!--- Adding the student to data base. --->
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="getStudent" access="remote" returntype="Student" restpath="{name}-{age}" httpmethod="GET" description="retrieve student" produces="application/json" responseMessages="404:Not found,200:Successfull:student" >
<cfargument name="name" type="string" required="yes" restargsource="Path"/>
<cfargument name="age" type="string" required="yes" restargsource="Path"/>
<!--- Create a student object and return the object. This object will handle the request now. --->
<cfset myobj = CreateObject("component", "Student")>
<cfset myobj.name = name>
<cfset myobj.age = age>
<cfreturn myobj>
</cffunction>
</cfcomponent>
If you do not want the ColdFusion server to generate swagger doc automatically, set the following code to false in application.cfc file. Refresh the registered application in CF administrator.
<cfset this.restsettings.generateRestDoc="false">
A sample application.cfc file is shown below for your reference.
<cfcomponent>
<cfset this.name="info" />
<cfset this.sessionmanagement = true />
<cfset this.restsettings.generateRestDoc="true">
<cfset this.restsettings.restDocInfo.title="this is title">
<cfset this.restsettings.restDocInfo.apiVersion="2.0">
<cfset this.restsettings.restDocInfo.description="this is description">
<cfset this.restsettings.restDocInfo.termOfServiceUrl="url is here">
<cfset this.restsettings.restDocInfo.contact="xyz@adobe.com">
<cfset this.restsettings.restDocInfo.license="adobe 1.0">
<cfset this.restsettings.restDocInfo.licenseUrl="http://abc.com">
</cfcomponent>
A new attribute named responseMessages has been introduced in Adobe ColdFusion (2016 release). You can use this attribute in REST CFC file as shown in the sample file below.
<cfcomponent rest="true" restPath="/cookieService" produces="text/plain" > <!--- Test with various produces ---> <cffunction name="sayPlainHelloUser" responseMessages="404:Not Found,200:successful,10:notdefine" access="remote" returnType="String" httpMethod="GET" produces="text/plain"> <cfargument name="nAme" type="string" restargsource="cOOkie" required="false" default="CF"> <cfset res="Hello " & name> <cfreturn res> </cffunction> </cfcomponent>
Start ColdFusion Administrator. Click Data & Services > REST Services on the left pane and add configuration values as per the instructions in the following dialog.
The Swagger representation of the API comprises two file types:
The Resource Listing - This root document contains general API information and lists the resources. Each resource has its own URL that defines the API operations on it.
The API Declaration - This document describes a resource, including its API calls and models.
You can verify the ColdFusion generated swagger APIs document by using the ColdFusion server path as follows:
<ColdFusion server URL path:port number>/<Service Mapping name>/api-docs/<resourcePath name>
You can access resource listing by using the same path as above without the resourcePath name. (<ColdFusion server URL path:port number>/Service Mapping name>/api-docs)
Service Mapping name is the name that you specify while registering your REST application in ColdFusion server.
For example, localhost:8500/test/api-docs/studentService
The swagger API document generated from the sample studentservice.cfc REST CFC file appears as shown in the following api document:
{
"swaggerVersion":"1.2",
"apiVersion":"1.0",
"basePath":"localhost:8500/rest/test",
"resourcePath":"/studentService",
"apis":[
{
"path":"/studentService/",
"description":"",
"operations":[
{
"nickname":"addStudents",
"method":"POST",
"summary":"add students",
"type":"void",
"parameters":[
{
"name":"name",
"paramType":"body",
"allowMultiple":false,
"required":true,
"type":"array",
"items":{
"$ref":"student"
}
}
]
},
{
"nickname":"deleteStudent1",
"method":"DELETE",
"summary":"delete students",
"type":"void",
"parameters":[
{
"name":"students",
"paramType":"body",
"allowMultiple":false,
"required":true,
"type":"array",
"items":{
"$ref":"student"
}
}
]
},
{
"nickname":"addStudent",
"method":"PUT",
"summary":"add student",
"type":"void",
"parameters":[
{
"name":"name",
"paramType":"form",
"allowMultiple":false,
"required":true,
"type":"string"
},
{
"name":"age",
"paramType":"form",
"allowMultiple":false,
"required":true,
"type":"number"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"path":"/studentService/{name}-{age}",
"description":"",
"operations":[
{
"nickname":"getStudent",
"method":"GET",
"summary":"retrieve student",
"type":"student",
"produces":[
"application/json"
],
"parameters":[
{
"name":"name",
"paramType":"path",
"allowMultiple":false,
"required":true,
"type":"string"
},
{
"name":"age",
"paramType":"path",
"allowMultiple":false,
"required":true,
"type":"string"
}
],
"responseMessages":[
{
"code":404,
"message":"Not found"
},
{
"code":200,
"message":"Successfull",
"responseModel":"student"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"path":"/studentService/{studentId}",
"description":"",
"operations":[
{
"nickname":"updateStudentAddress",
"method":"POST",
"summary":"modify student address",
"notes":"modify the address for given studentId",
"type":"address",
"parameters":[
{
"name":"studentId",
"paramType":"path",
"allowMultiple":false,
"required":true,
"type":"number"
},
{
"name":"address",
"paramType":"body",
"allowMultiple":false,
"required":true,
"type":"address"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"models":{
"address":{
"id":"address",
"description":"this is a address component",
"required":[
],
"properties":{
"country":{
"type":"string"
},
"street":{
"type":"string"
},
"houseNo":{
"type":"number",
"format":"double"
},
"state":{
"type":"string"
}
}
},
"student":{
"id":"student",
"description":"this is a student component",
"required":[
"address",
"name",
"age"
],
"properties":{
"address":{
"$ref":"IndiaAddress"
},
"name":{
"type":"string"
},
"age":{
"type":"number",
"format":"double"
}
}
},
"IndiaAddress":{
"id":"IndiaAddress",
"description":"India address fromat",
"required":[
],
"properties":{
"country":{
"type":"string"
},
"pin":{
"type":"number",
"format":"double"
},
"street":{
"type":"string"
},
"district":{
"type":"string"
},
"houseNo":{
"type":"number",
"format":"double"
},
"state":{
"type":"string"
}
}
}
}
}
As a Publisher, during API creation you can import CF REST API services. Before choosing this option, ensure that you add the CF server in API Manager.
Note:
Add the CF server only when you are accessing API Manager remotely. For in-VM access, API Manager detects the REST services automatically and loads them.
API Manager can be installed over ColdFusion in your system. API Manager is installed in cfusion/ApiManager path. For more information, refer to ColdFusion and API Manager integration feature.
Start API Manager in Administrator mode. Click CF Discovery Server Configuration on the left pane. Add the configuration values as shown in the sample snapshot below.
You can compare CFC field types and Swagger field types from the following mapping structures.
Resource listing schema
The Resource Listing serves as the root document for the API description. It contains general information about the API and an inventory of the available resources.
Swagger doc Field Name |
Type |
Description |
CF Fields |
|---|---|---|---|
SwaggerVersion |
String |
Required. Specifies the Swagger Specification version being used. |
Update programmatically using API Manager |
apis |
Resource Object |
Required. Lists the resources of the specification. The array can have 0 or more elements |
N/A |
apiVersion |
string |
Provides the version of the application API |
Modify using application.cfc file |
info |
Info Object |
Provides metadata about the API. The clients can use this metadata, and can be presented in the Swagger-UI for convenience. |
Modify using application.cfc file |
authorizations |
Authorizations Object |
Provides information about the authorization schemes allowed on this API. The type of the authorization scheme. Values MUST be either"basicAuth", "apiKey", or "oauth2". |
Update programmatically using API Manager
|
The API declaration provides information about an API exposed on a resource. Specify only one file per resource. Save the file in the URL described by the path field.
| Swagger doc Field Name | Type |
Description |
CF Field |
|---|---|---|---|
basePath |
string |
Required. The root URL serving the API. |
Add programmatically while parsing CFC |
consumes |
[string] |
A list of MIME types the APIs on this resource can consume. The MIME types are global to all APIs but can be overridden on specific API calls. |
Cfcomponent.consumes |
produces |
[string] |
A list of MIME types the APIs on this resource can produce. The MIME types are global to all APIs but can be overridden on specific API calls. |
Cfcomponent.produces |
resourcePath |
string |
The relative path to the resource, from the basePath, which this API Specification describes. |
Cfcomponent.restpath |
apis |
[API Object] |
Required. A list of the APIs exposed on this resource. There MUST NOT be more than one API Object per path in the array. |
Details in API Object |
apiVersion |
string |
Provides the version of the application API (not to be confused by the (specification version). |
N/A |
swaggerVersion |
string |
Required. Specifies the Swagger Specification version being used. |
N/A |
authorizations |
Authorizations Object |
A list of authorizations schemes required for the operations listed in this API declaration. Individual operations override this setting. If there are multiple authorization schemes described here, it means they're all applied. |
Add programmatically as API Manager updates Authorization info |
models |
Models Object |
A list of the models available to this resource. Expose the models separately for each API Declaration. |
Generate programmatically |
The API Object describes one or more operations on a single path. In the apis array, there MUST be only one API Object per path.
Swagger doc Field Name |
Type |
Description |
CF Field |
|---|---|---|---|
description |
String |
A short description of the resource. |
Cffunction.description |
operations |
[Operation Object] |
Required. A list of the API operations available on this path. The array includes zero or more operations. |
Details in Operation Object |
Path |
String |
Required. The relative path to the operation, from the basePath, which this operation describes. The value SHOULD be in a relative (URL) path format. |
Component.restpath + Cffunction.restpath |
The Operation Object describes a single operation on a path. In the operations array, there must be only one Operation Object per method. This object includes the Data Type Fields to describe the return value of the operation. The type field must be used to link to other models.
Swagger doc Field Name |
Type |
Description |
CF Field |
authorization |
Authorizations Object |
A list of authorizations required to execute this operation |
Programmatically from API Manager |
consumes |
[string] |
A list of MIME types this operation can consume. |
Cffunction.consumes |
method |
String |
Required. The HTTP method required to call the operation.The value MUST be one of the following values: "GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT","PATCH", "DELETE", |
Cffunction. httpmethod |
nickname |
String |
Required. A unique id for the operation that is used by tools reading the output for further and easier manipulation |
Cffunction.name |
notes |
String |
A verbose explanation of the operation behavior. |
Cffunction.hint |
parameters |
[Parameter Object] |
Required. The inputs to the operation. If no parameters are needed, an empty array MUST be included. |
Details in parameter object |
produces |
[string] |
A list of MIME types this operation can produce. |
Cffunction.produces |
responseMessages |
[Response Message Object] |
Lists the possible response statuses that can return from the operation. |
New parameter introduced in Cfunction |
summary |
String |
A short summary of what the operation does. For maximum readability in the swagger-ui, this field SHOULD be fewer than 120 characters. |
Cffunction.description
|
The Parameter Object describes a single parameter to be sent in an operation and maps to the parameters field in the Operation Object. This object includes the Data Type Fields to describe the type of this parameter. The type field must be used to link to other models.
If type is File, the consumes field must "multipart/form-data", and the paramType must be "form".
Swagger doc Field Name |
Type |
Description |
CF Field |
|---|---|---|---|
allowMultiple |
boolean |
Another way to allow multiple values for a "query", "header" or "path" parameter. |
Not available in ColdFusion. |
description |
string |
Recommended. A brief description of this parameter. |
Cfargument.hint |
name |
string |
Required. The unique name for the parameter. |
Cfargument.name |
paramType |
string |
Required. The type of the parameter.The value MUST be one of these values: "path", "query", "body","header", "form" Note: As per spec swagger dosen’t support "Cookie", "Matrix" paramtype in ColdFusion |
Cfargument. restargsource |
required |
boolean |
A flag to note whether this parameter is mandatory. |
Cfargument.required |
| CFC | Swagger | Java | Additional information |
| string | string | string | |
| uuid | string | string | |
| guid | string | string | |
| query | custom model | coldfusion.xml.rpc.DocumentQueryBean | |
| void | void | for argument map to "body" | |
| numeric | number(format double) | Double | |
| boolean | boolean | boolean | |
| date | string(format date) | java.util.Calendar | |
| any | object | java.lang.Object | |
| array | array of objects | java.lang.Object[] | |
| binary | array of byte | byte[] | |
| struct | custom model | java.util.Map | |
| xml | string | org.w3c.dom.Documents |
Twitter™ and Facebook posts are not covered under the terms of Creative Commons.